Common alloying elements of Steel and their applications

Alloying agents and elements are added to Steel to alter the physical and chemical properties of the existing product. These changes are carried out with the alloys to fulfill certain desired applications. Different elements when added to Steel in different proportions and at different temperature and other mechanical conditions can result into different alloys. A tested and calibrated environment and process is maintained for the desired chemical and physical properties.

Here are some common alloying agents and their effects on Steel:

Boron:

Very small quantities of the element Boron are added to low-carbon steels during manufacturing to increase the strength, resistance to abrasion and hardenability of the metal. These highly strong and hardened boron-alloyed Steel is used in parts of cars, which helps cut down costs for the automobile production. Boron is added to some steels for the nuclear industry for its high neutron absorption capability.

Chromium:

When over 10% of Chromium is added to the molten Steel during manufacturing, it reacts with the Steel to form oxide layer that will ensure resistance to corrosion. Chromium is also used to increase the hardness, and tensile strength of the Steel product. The most common application of this alloy is seen in Stainless Steel utensils, medical equipment that need corrosion resistance, etc.

Copper:

Copper is added to hot steel in slightly larger quantities than the other elements in the list to gain enhanced physical and chemical properties. Steel developed with the copper alloys find its application in building bridges, laboratory and office buildings, multi-storey car parks and deep sea oil rigs. Copper in Steel is also helpful is resisting atmospheric corrosion and it therefore used in austenitic Stainless steel production.

Nickel:

In high amounts, Nickel impacts the strength of the alloys and improves its resistance to corrosion and oxidation. In small amounts, this element increases the toughness of Steel. Nickel-alloyed Steel are majorly used in combination with Copper to form highly corrosion-resistant Stainless Steel products. 

Proper inclusions of such alloying elements at the right temperature, with the right atmosphere is very important and care is to be taken to ensure that the official rules and steps are followed. At Agni Steels, we have special corrosion-resistant products (CSR bars) manufactured at our facility for our clients. We ensure that these products are manufactured with the perfect ratio of elements to get the desired physical and chemical properties.